Humans, as plant
predators, have developed defenses against a great range of naturally
occurring plant poisons. Plant secrete these poisons (or
"antinutrients") to fight off insects, bacteria and funguses.
In other words, pesticides, fungicides and bactericides. Legumes (beans
and lentils) have never been part of the human diet. It happens that
they secrete a range of plant poisons that human bodies cannot cope
with. This is an extract from a forthcoming book by Geoff Bond to be
published by Square 1 publishers of New York.
Legumes are not exempt from the
same kinds of anti-nutrients, particularly lectins of the kind that we
also saw in cereals. Lectins in winged beans, kidney beans, mung beans,
lima beans and castor beans are toxic in the raw state. Lectins bind
with the wall of the intestine causing scars. They destroy the
incredibly fine hairs known as ‘villi’ that line the intestine; this
undermines the body’s ability to absorb nourishment.
Nutrient absorption is impaired;
the intestine wall becomes porous to bacteria. The barrier breaks down
and allows toxins and lectins to pass into the lymphatic system and
blood stream. There they cause havoc directly.
Chemical
Warfare Agent
Just in case you are not convinced, we can reflect on the castor bean.
It has become notorious as the source of a chemical warfare agent,
ricin. This nasty poison, a kind of lectin, causes severe vomiting and
diarrhea, dehydration, shock, kidney failure, liver failure and, finally
fatal stomach bleeding. Levin reports[i]
how ricin is also toxic to the heart
and bursts red blood cells. Greenfield, who works on chemical
warfare, notes[ii]
that when ricin is inhaled, lung disease is the consequence. F. Sharom,
an immune system researcher, finds[iii]
that lentils, soybean and peas contain a related lectin that undermines
certain immune system cells known as lymphocytes.
SOY
BRIEFING
Now we must surprise you by tarring soy with the same brush. You
do not hear much about it -- the soy industry has too much momentum
behind it for that. However, remember that, until about 50 years ago,
soy was unknown in America but it was progressively introduced to feed
livestock and then, finally, people.
Antinutrients
and Allergens
Soy is loaded with anti-nutrients such as genistein, daidzein, trypsin
inhibitors, allergens and phytoestrogens. The wonders of marketing have
turned these drawbacks into advantages: women are sold soy as a remedy
for female conditions such as hot flashes and PMS. It is even sold as
having anti-cancer properties when in fact, as toxicologist Retha
Newbold shows[iv], it increases risk of uterine cancer if fed to
babies. Many studies such as those by RC Santell[v]
and CD Allred[vi],[vii]show
links with breast cancer.
Allergies
and Thyroid Problems
Soy gives you allergies. Foucard and Yman of
Uppsala, Sweden found[viii]
severe allergic reactions in Sweden. Hideaki Tsuji (he of gluten
allergens) reports[ix]
that over 16 allergens have been identified -- of which at least
three, Gly-m-Bd-68K, Gly-m-Bd-30K, Gly-m-Bd-28K, are classified as severely
allergenic. The toxicology researcher, Rao Divi, reports[x] how soy’s antinutrients, genistein and
daidzein, attack the thyroid gland. This leads to goiter and, in extreme
cases, to thyroid cancer.
Tofu
and Senile Dementia
Soy gives you brain atrophy. The more people eat tofu for example, the
more likely they are to have senile dementia in later life. In a
ground-breaking study[xi],
Lon White and colleagues of The National Institute of Ageing found that
consumption of only two portions of tofu a week raises the chances of
disease by 50% compared to those who consume no tofu at all. Here,
finally, is an explanation why, more than anyone else, the tofu-eating
Okinawans lose their mental faculties in old age.
Bad for
Babies
Soy is not great for babies: babies fed on soy-based formula receive the
adult equivalent of five birth control pills per day. Britain’s Food
Standards Agency (FSA) has raised the alarm[xiv]
about feeding soy to babies. It calls upon the Department of Health to
revise its guidelines on soy-based formula milk. They cite one study
where such babies were five times more likely to have genital
abnormalities. The same report also decided that there was no
evidence for the supposed benefits of soya in osteoporosis,
heart disease, menopausal symptoms or cancer.
Children
of both sexes suffer disproportionately from extreme emotional behavior,
asthma, immune system problems, pituitary insufficiency, thyroid
disorders and irritable bowel syndrome[xv],[xvi].
Lack
and colleagues in a study[xvii]
on over
13,000 school children in UK, found that those children who were fed
soy-based formula milk as babies were 2½ times MORE LIKELY to suffer
peanut allergy than other children. The New Zealand Government already
issued a warning[xviii]
in 1998 about the use of soy in infant formula.
Depressed
Female Sex Drive
Heather Patisaul researches the effect of soy toxins on brain function
and mood. In studies on rats she finds[xix]
that soy supplements decrease female sex drive by as much as 70
per cent. The breast cancer drug, Tamoxifen, which opposes the function
of estrogen in some tissue, had a similar but smaller effect. This, with
evidence from other studies[xx],
leads Heather to believe that the soy isoflavone is also acting as an
"estrogen opposer". She adds that there is anecdotal evidence
of decreased sex drive in women taking tamoxifen, as well as problems
with vaginal dryness.
Soy
and Beans Summed Up
Because of their antinutrients, legumes – and soy in particular –
are not miracle foods. They are beans to which humans have never become
naturally adapted – and it matters. Their anti-nutrients are diverse
kinds of poisons or toxins that disrupt many bodily processes, making us
sick in many subtle ways never before suspected.
KEEP SOY OUT OF THE DIET!
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References
[i]
Levin et al; Rare Jatropha multifida intoxication in two children; J
Emerg Med 2000 Aug;19(2):173-5
[ii]
Greenfield et al; Microbiological, biological, and chemical weapons
of warfare and terrorism; Am J Med Sci 2002
Jun;323(6):326-40.
[iii] Sharom FJ; Inhibition of
lymphocyte 5'-nucleotidase by lectins; Biochem Cell Biol 1988
Jul;66(7):715-23.
[iv] Newbold RR, Cancer Res.
2001 Jun 1;61(11):4325-8
[v] Santell R C; J Nutr. 2000
Jul;130(7):1665-9..
[vi] Allred et al; Cancer Res.
2001 Jul 1;61(13):5045-50.
[vii]Allred; Carcinogenesis.
2001 Oct;22(10):1667-73.
[viii] Foucard
and Yman; Allergy 1999;54:261-265.
[ix] Allergens in Major Crops;
Tsuji et al; Nutr Res; 21; 2001
[x] Divi et al; Anti-thyroid
Isoflavones from Soybean; Biochem Pharm; 54; 1997
[xi] White et al; J Am Coll
Nutr; 19; (2) 2000
[xii] Shahidi et al;
Antinutrients in Food; Am Chem Soc. 1995
[xiii] Cordain; Humanity’s
Double Edged Sword; W Rev Nutr
Diet; 1999; vol 84
[xiv]
Food Standards Agency, Phytoestrogens and Health;
May 2003
[xv] Adverse Effects of Soy
Infant feeding; Irvine et al; N Z Med J. May 24 1995
[xvi] Premature Thelarche in
Puerto Rico; Am J Dis Child; 140 (12) Dec 1986
[xvii]
Lack, N Engl J Med 2003 Mar 13; 348(11): 977-85
[xviii] New Zealand Ministry of
Health; Soy-based Infant Formula; Dr Pat Tuohy; Dec 1998
[xix]
Patisaul; Society for Neurosciences Meeting, New Orleans.
November 12, 2003
[xx]
Patisaul et al; Soy Isoflavone Supplements Antagonize Reproductive
Behavior and Estrogen Receptor alpha- and beta-Dependent Gene
Expression in the Brain; Endocrinology; 142: 2946–2952, 2001.
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